William
Horner invented zoetrope in 1834 in England.
He
called it the ‘Daedalum’ (the wheel of the devil). The American developer,
William F. Lincoln, named his toy the ‘zoetrope’, which means ‘wheel of life’.
Joseph Plateau invented the spindle viewer in
1832.
Joseph
P. and his sons introduced the phenakistoscope (“spindle viewer”). Simon von
Stampfer also invented it independently in the same year of Vienna, Austria,
who called his inventions a stroboscope.
A kinetiscope is a device, which allows people to view motion pictures.
The kinetiscope was one of the first such devices widely developed and
distributed, and while the design ultimately proved to be a failure, it clearly
inspired other inventors, so it could be considered a landmark invention in the
history of film. This device was invented in the laboratory of Thomas Edison,
and as was conventional for inventions in his lab, Edison himself, making it
challenging to determine precisely who worked on the project, took out the
patent.