Rotoscope

Rotoscope is an animation technique in which animators trace over footage, frame by fram, for use in live-action and animated films. Originally, recorded live-action film images were projected onto a frosted glass panel and re-drawn by an animator. this projection equipment is called a rotoscope, although this device was eventually replace by computers.

Rotoscope output can have slight deviations from the true line that differs from frame, which when animated cause the animated line to shake unnaturally, or "boil".  Avoiding boiling requires considerable skill in the person perdorming the tracing, thought causing the "boil" intentionally is a stylistic technique sometimes used to emphasize the surreal quality of rotoscoping, as ub the music video "Take on Me" and animated TV series Delta State.

Rotoscope was used extensively in China's first animated feature film, Orincess Iron Fan (1941), which was released under very difficult conditions durning the Second Sino- Japanese War and World War II.

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